Gender And The Environment - 1709 Words

GENDER CONFIGURES PERFORMATIVITY Jessica D’Angelo (0765801) Gender and the Environment GEOG*3090 Due: Thursday, September 18th, 2014 When looking at socialization, one might immediately reflect on the commonly known agents of socialization: family, institutions, schooling, religion, peer group, and the media. These are the forces in place that assist in shaping who or what a person becomes. Through intense social pressure, children are taught to perform a certain way while in school, places of religious authority, through their peer groups and at home, based on their gender. They are always being bombarded with ideas and stereotypes of gender through the media and the institutions that are in place. As Aulette†¦show more content†¦Examining gender stereotypes is particularly difficult. I believe that a lot of people have an essentialist view when it comes to gender. That is, â€Å"women are naturally better caregivers† or â€Å"men are essentially better in the sciences†. That it is completely natural for a woman or a man to act a certain way (Hawkins 2014). Many people are very set in their beliefs. Personally, I believe that the biggest stereotype surrounding women is that they are agents to raise children and build a home. There is a lot of pressure to perform this gender role seamlessly. Men are expected to get an education, get a good job and go to work daily to support the family. Lately, however, it seems that women are expected to pull a double-shift: they must have a job as well as continuing all of the housekeeping and caregiving duties as before (D’Angelo 2014). I spend a fair amount of time contemplating the idea of gender and why there are such rigid regulations put in place by society. Why does it matter what other people are doing with their lives? As a woman, there is a lot expected of me. Society wants me to find a good man, settle down and have babies while my husband goes to work every day. As my journal entry illustrates, â€Å"I am a traveller at heart, a restless soul. There is a small part of me that wants to explore the

Love A Kind Of Love - 1671 Words

Asmita K C 05/8/2015 Intro to lit. 125 A Kind of Love Love is eternal. The boundary of love is not defined yet and can never be defined. Love has created a wonderful cities and has also destroyed the wonderland. Some classify love as something that you feel for some people sometimes. It is often linked or used interchangeably with lust. Others feel that it is something that is constant and untouched by judgement and feeling. The true eternal love is hard to find in this world and few lucky people get the chance to experience it in real life. Otherwise, the words of love philosophy is found in the novels and fairytale only. Love is of various kinds as per the situation and person. The lust which is usually misinterpreted as love is just to gain maternal possession or physical benefit and is the most popular kind of love in this modern world. The true love in which two souls are bounded with each other from the core of the heart and can know the feeling of each other or toward other thing is hard to find. When the spirit of the two people joins, it is the true love. Love is a very prevailing sentiment. People in love often struggle with the desire to remain in control of themselves and withShow MoreRelatedUnrequited Love Is The Worst Kind Of Love1536 Words   |  7 PagesUnrequited love is the worst kind of love. It’s a kind of love which eats away at your ability to do everyday tasks such as eating and sleeping because they only the thing you want to do is think about the other person and desperately wish that one day that person will love you back. Despite the severe depression you feel and the endless nights of crying, you make no attempt the get over the said person because for some bizarre reason, no matter how much it hurts, you want to remain in love with themRead MoreDifferent Kinds Of Life And Love1408 Words   |  6 Pagesso much they finally leave or dead because they have tried already so many times and have failed and feel like they will never do it and feel like they are a failure at life and love the depression eventually consumes them and their thoughts by this point they don t want the help of anyone all they want is for their love to understand them but eventually it all ends in suicide the ones that can t walk away are the ones that end up dead either because the depression took over and they listened toRead More Two Kinds of Love in Movie Casablanca Essay1116 Words   |  5 PagesTwo Kinds of Love in Movie Casablanca In the movie Casablanca, directed by Michael Curtiz, two different kinds of love are exposed. The love relationship between Ilsa Lund and Rick is a more passionate relationship while the one between Ilsa and Victor Laszlo is more intimate. Love is composed of different feelings and because of that it can be expressed, as seen in Casablanca, in different ways. â€Å"The Intimate Relationship Mind†, a text by Garth J. O. Fletcher and Megan Stenswick, helpsRead MoreDifferent Kinds of Love in William Shakespeares Twelfth Night5635 Words   |  23 PagesDifferent Kinds of Love in William Shakespeares Twelfth Night Twelfth Night, in itself, portrays many hidden meanings and themes that speak out to different people, in different ways. Shakespeare makes use of the many characters, and choreographs different steps and creates relationships and the plot, and sub-plot, to make Twelfth Night complete, with its many themes. One of the central messages of this play is prominently, love. With this main theme, Shakespeare createsRead MoreTwo Pesentations of Love in Maya Angelous Poems: ‘A Kind of Love, Some Say’ and ‘Where We Belong, A Duet’1008 Words   |  5 PagesThese poems written by Maya Angelou both portray love in a very different way. The detrimental effects of love are shown in ‘A Kind of Love, Some Say’ and the empowering effects of love are shown in ‘Where We Belong, A Duet’. ‘A Kind of Love, Some Say’ shows that Love and relationships is what causes the struggle for identity as in the other poem being in love and in a relationship allows the persona to find their true identity. The poem ‘A kind of love some say’ is one of Mayas more emotional poemsRead MoreSibling Rivalry And Love Is A Kind Of Animosity Among Two Brothers1153 Words   |  5 Pages Sibling rivalry and love is a kind of animosity among two brothers. It generally starts when two brothers spend more time with each other during their childhood than their parents.Sibling relationship is often influenced and complex by facts such as personality,birth order and parents treatment. In adulthood brothers find their relationship with each other in clashed by unresolved childhood such as guilt, financial success and self esteem. In â€Å" the richest brotherRead MoreSibling Rivalry And Love Is A Kind Of Animosity Between Two Brothers1240 Words   |  5 Pages Name; Tarjinder Singh Class; English B Professor; Mrs. .Verbal Date; 09/27/15 Rivalry and Love Sibling rivalry and love is a kind of animosity between two brothers. It generally starts when two brothers spend more time with each other during their childhood than with their parents. A sibling relationship is often influenced and made complex by factors such as personality, birth order and parentalRead MoreWhat Makes One Kind Of Love Better Than Another?1002 Words   |  5 PagesWhat makes one kind of love better than another? In Indiana, too many people feel that affection between a man and a woman is the only legitimate type of romantic love. Legislation is passed allowing store owners to deny service to anyone whose sexuality doesn’t meet this imaginary norm. They claim religious freedom, but in a nation where there is a separation of church and state, they have no defense. There is no excuse to deny people basic rights. A poll held by the Gay, Lesbian Straight EducationRead MoreEssay on All Kinds Of Love by Carolyn Jaffe and Carol H. Ehrlich3442 Words   |  14 Pagescourse of our lives we will experience the deterioration of a loved one due to illness or aging. This may cause us to make a choice of how and where we choose our loved one to die. Authors, Carolyn Jaffe and Carol H. Ehrlich, in their book All Kinds of Love, illustrate how the relationships between doctors, patients, family, friends, hospice volunteers, and hospice nurses all play an important role during he patients last days as they try to reach a good death. In the books foreword, Rabbi EarlRead MoreTroilus wasn’t the person to be open and honest about his love for a woman. He was the kind of900 Words   |  4 PagesTroilus wasn’t the person to be open and honest about his love for a woman. He was the kind of person to hide behind the sort of feelings he had because of the kind of person that he was. He mocked and m ade fun of love affairs of others because he is as I would say a little jealous of them. He first sees Criseyde at the temple of Athena. He just falls in love with her. At first Troilus hides his love for Criseyde because he doesn’t want to be the people that he had made fun of. Criseyde didn’t

The Train Free Essays

The blistering cold numbed my eyes as I stumbled through the biting snow, dragging a dull, faded suitcase overloaded with necessities behind me, leaving a train in the deadly, ice snow. â€Å"All abroad! † a man in a bright red suit, a funny red hat and an equally crimson nose called, his voice straining to be heard over the howling wind. I struggled up to him and handed over my ticket, which was faded from sweat, tears and the bitter snow. We will write a custom essay sample on The Train or any similar topic only for you Order Now Then man, whom I safely assumed was the train conductor, glanced briefly at the ticket, then smiled at me slightly. Terrible morning isn’t it? † he commented. I did not reply. â€Å"In for a long ride, I see! † he added when he saw my ticket. I gave no response as I checked my heavy bag. He beamed wider as he said, â€Å"Welcome aboard the Windows Express, ma’am! † I tried to smile back, but my scarf was bundled around my nose and my mouth, so I nodded instead. â€Å"Thank you. † My voice was barely audible over the gusty breeze as I stepped off the platform and boarded the train. The front compartment was crowded, packed like sardines. I squeezed past the numerous bodies to get to the next train ar, which was where I was to be seated. Even though the warmth there was comforting, I hoped it was not too stuffy in my car. I finally broke free from the crowd, swinging the car door open and entering a considerably cooler car. I removed my scarf f rom my face. My skin was raw with cold, but I barely felt it. I glanced around. This car was deserted, the seats along its aisle empty. I checked the number of compartment I had been assigned then opened the door to it. There was a small bunk bed in the corner, with a little closed off area I guessed was the bunk. I lanced out the single window, but there was nothing to be seen through the fog and slat than plummeted so hard against the glass it felt like hail. Feeling slightly claustrophobic in the narrow compartment, I briskly threw off my jacket and exited, walking back into the aisle. I noticed a door at the back of the car and decided to check it out. I made my way down the aisle and slid the door open. It led into the next car. This one did not have seats, but little booths lined up neatly along either side. There was a bellboy near the back, tending to a little refreshment stand. His eyes were bored, even as he attempted to reet me pleasantly. â€Å"Hello, ma’am, welc ome to the lounge. Would you like anything? Some pie, perhaps, or a cup of coffee? † Uninterested, I declined politely, just as another door caught my eye. Without thinking, I flung it open. There was nothing in the room except a door with a window fixed into it, and a shiny red handle. â€Å"This is where you’ll be disembarking,† the bellboy informed me. â€Å"That there’s the emergency brake,† he added, pointing at the handle. â€Å"You’re perfectly welcome to pull that at any time. † Taken aback, I spluttered on my Coke. â€Å"What? I wouldn’t. That’s ridiculous. Then how will I get to where I am going? † I demanded incredulously. The bellboy shrugged. â€Å"Sometimes you can’t rely on trains to get you to where you want to go. † I stared openly at him. Quickly dismissing him as crazy, I turned away and hastily returned to my compartment. Once safely inside, I lay on my bed, thinking to myself about my destination, a place I had never been and a face I had not seen for so many years it hurt to think about it. Flashbacks began to attack my once- peaceful mind, invading my would be calm pondering. At four years old, my hands pressed tightly over my ears, rying in vain to block out the sounds of heated arguments over nothing. Seven years old, an empty bottle crashing over my head as I tried to escape the debris of broken plates. Thirteen years, bruises covering my face, blood on my hands, a broken ankle, pain enveloping my body. Sixteen, my broken ribs causing me to shake as I slammed the front door behind me and limped as fa st as I could into the night, my mother screaming for me to come home and my father’s threats chasing after me†¦ I jerked awake, nearly falling out of bed. My head felt heavy, and my eyes groggy, as if I had not slept or days. Sluggishly, I checked my watch, which still hung from my wrist. My eyes snapped wide open as they read the time, then relaxed again. My watch had stopped at around the same time I boarded that train. I got up, feeling tired, and felt my stomach growl. I stood up, stretched, brushed my hair and hurridly with my fingers and left my compartment. I was about to go to the lounge to eat when I noticed another girl sitting on a seat in the aisle, next to the window. She was clothed very thinly for the morbid weather, and her long locks of auburn hair poured over her shoulders. I approached her slowly. â€Å"Hello,† I said, and she jumped in surprised. â€Å"Sorry for startling you, but do you have the time? † She looked up at me, and I saw a thin ragged face that would have been pretty if not for the exhaustion consuming it, and the melancholy sadness in her eyes. â€Å"Oh hello, its quite alright. Let me check. † She lifted her mobile phone from her pocket, glanced at it, then shook her head apologetically. â€Å"Strange. It seems to have died. I could’ve sworn I charged it yesterday. † I thanked her anyway, and asked her where she was going. She looked even weary when I questioned her. I’m going to see my long-distance partner for four years,† she said, in an almost rehearsed answer. â€Å"I think he may propose to me, but I doubt I’m ready for such a change. † She drifted off, her voice trailing away, then came to her senses and asked me where I was headed. â€Å"I’m going to see my f ather. I haven’t seen him for nearly a decade,† I said quietly. â€Å"I can’t say I’m looking forward to it. † She agreed with me, and we made small talk for awhile longer before I excused myself and when to the lounge. The bellboy was not there anymore, and I breathed an inward sigh of relief. The batty guy had freaked me out. I saw someone sitting down in one of the lounge booths. Hidden behind stacks of paperwork and a newspaper sat a middle aged man in an impressive suit and tie, muttering to himself in what looked like disgust. I walked over to him. â€Å"Hi, sorry to bother you, but do you know what time it is? † He glanced up and stopped grumbling. â€Å"Hmm? Oh, yes. † he shot a look at his fancy wristwatch. â€Å"Well, what is this? My watch isn’t working! † He began to mumble again. I found it strange that nobody knew the time, so I stole a glimpse of the watch, and sure enough it ceased to ick. â€Å"That’s a shame,† I said good-naturedly, and asked him what he was doing. â€Å"Its for a case I have,† he replied. I must have looked puzzled, because he elaborated. â€Å"I’m a lawyer, you see, and I’m about to defend the biggest drug cartels of all time- then again, I probably shouldn’t have tol d you that. † I was about to leave him in peace when he continued on. â€Å"In my defense, my client is one of my oldest friends. I owe him my life and he’s gotten me out tons of scraps. I really have no choice. I began to feel a little uncomfortable, and averted my gaze to rest on the window. To my surprise, evening was over-the sun was rising on another day! Had I missed my stop? I was supposed to be off the train by dusk, yet here was dawn, a new day beginning right before my eyes! Panicking, I ran back to my car and asked the girl still sitting on he seat, â€Å"What time did you get on? Which state are you going to? † Bewildered, she told me the details of her travel. I calculated in my head. â€Å"But what would only take you a few hours! You should have arrived by now,† I said, unable to keep my voice from getting louder. She seemed indifferent. Maybe we made a few stops along the way. I wasn’t awake the whole time, you know. † But I had it all figured out. The pieces of the puzzle were coming together, forming an unbelievable picture in my head. I ran back into the lounge, and flung open the door at the back of it, where the emergency brake ws. The lady came racing after me, asking where I was going. â€Å"Look, it’s the emergency brake. If we pull it, we’ll be able to get out of here! † I exclaimed. She looked at me the same way I had looked at the bellboy- as if one of us had gone bonkers. â€Å"What? Are you crazy? Why? Its ridiculous. Then how will I ever get to where I’m going? † I smiled at the distinct resemblance her words had to mine. Reaching over, I grasped the red handle in my right hand and pulled as hard as I could. The train screeched against the metal of the tracks. I pushed against the exit door, and it opened easily. I leaped off the train. The ground was icy and cold beneath my feet, and the cold wind cut my uncovered face like a knife. I became aware that I did not even have my jacket with me as the cold began to envelope my very being. â€Å"What are you doing? You’ll freeze to death! † the girl cried next to me. You don’t even have your suitcase with you. † I vaguely recalled my stuffed baggage, filled with things I suddenly realized were of no importance to me. And just like that, suddenly, I felt free. Free of all my emotional baggage, free of everything that weigh me down, free of guilt, pain and sorrow. A sense of warmth, a beautiful feeling, filled up my body, and I no longer felt the chill. I turned back to the train, smiling for the first time in years. â€Å"Why don’t you come with me? † I asked the girl. She shook her head, eyes wide. And then the train door slammed shut, and began to move again. Free of doubt, I turned from the sight of the train slowly resending out of sight until it vanished, and began to trudge through the snow, in the direction of my destination. Sometimes we are weighed down by the pain, grief and guilt. We go through life day by day, merely existing, not living, and time stands still. Those days we live, so burdened by emotions, are meaningless and pas by without notice of purpose. If we could just let go of it all, forget our troubles for a few seconds, and look around us, perhaps we would see the beauty we are meant to see, and the wonder we would feel if we only let go. How to cite The Train, Papers

Evaluation of Hybrid Solar Inverters †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Evaluation of Hybrid Solar Inverters. Answer: Introduction: Energy has become a most important element of life. Energy serves many purposes such as lighting, refrigeration and charging electronic appliances. Similarly, automobiles require power although there has been a great bottleneck due to the price rise of the energy sources. According to Dali and Roboam (2010), particular nations have been faced with the challenge of power supply due to the increased number of industries. According to Zhou, Wang, Lukic, Bhattacharya and Huang (2009), the population is rising, adding more pressure to the government to come up with strategies necessary for distributing the energy. The implication of such a scenario is that demand for power is more than the supply which renders the country weak to source energy from outside. This step leads to the increase in the prices of the energy resources thus threatening the national and economic security. Of late the demand for electrical power has been on the rise not forgetting the transportation sector both of wh ich depend on the fossil fuels (Yang Zhou, 2007). Past research reveals that up to date almost ninety percent of the oil reserves have already been discovered. This implies that continued use of the fuel may deplete these reserves and the world will be in a mess. Also, there are other reported cases where fuel reserves are bombed as a result of civil war. This clearly indicates that some years to come the world might be running low of fuels. To curb that problem, people need to invest their ideas in sourcing other power supplies that would conveniently serve them in case fuels become deficient. In that connection, solar energy is the proven remedy. The solar energy is enhanced by the solar panel which harnesses the energy directly from the sun (Ashari Nayar, 1999). This solar energy requires the presence of the solar battery to act as a reserve in cases of weak sunlight. Making the whole system work; several requirements have to be availed. The presence of a solar charger is very crucial to for the system to be declared complete. It is a device that utilizes the radiations from the panel and converts it into energy then transfers it to the solar battery. The solar cells are properly fixed in the charger to ensure more power storage in the battery to take care of the off-peak season. Additionally, the solar charger stores power from the solar panel to act as a reserve during the daytime. Because the solar charger might experience high voltages during endless day sunshine, the solar charger might be affected therefore opting to have the voltage regulator to be used alongside the charger (Yang, Zhou, Lu Fang, 2008). When the sunlight falls on the solar plate, the plate absorbs these rays which are now in the form of electricity. The light energy, also known as photons hits the IN4001 circuit diode that provides a unidirectional flow to the circuit. The law of this flow obeys the fact that the current only flows from the solar panel to the battery, but the reverse is not true. The latter follows that IC series LM317T is installed to act as the voltage controller. If the voltage exceeds 18volts, a resistor of 0.5 ohms is tripped to rende r the circuit incomplete therefore restricting the circuit current from flowing (Hirose Matsuo, 2012). The solar watts become the principal determiner of the current flowing alongside the circuit. The resistor acquires power from the battery and the AC mains. The good thing about the inverter is that it converts the direct current (DC) from the battery using control circuits, switching circuits, and the transformers and switches it to a load that is used at home. The grid connected with the solar inverter charges the battery, and this keeps the inverter functioning. In the case of a fall in the current flow from the solar grid, the inverter depends on the cells DC and converts it into AC to keep the appliances used at home working. The hybrid inverters are very crucial in generating the amount of power transferred to the heavy load devices from the battery (Kim, Jeon, Cho, Ahn Kwon, 2008). The use of the inverters is mostly applicable to the developing nations. This is because the system is cheap and many people can afford to buy all the required devices to have power generated. The inverter is enabled by the use of solar energy that solves the limitation of the full appliances. The solar energy has become popular because it is a renewable source of energy. It cannot be compared to the other nonrenewable sources of energy because it does not pollute the environment. The bottleneck for solar power is that it only produces power when the sun is shining (Nayar, Phillips, James, Pryor Remmer, 1993). To curbing this problem, it is connected to the rechargeable battery to ensure power supply even in the absence of sunlight. The conversion of DC to AC is needed. This is because the production of power by the solar system is always in DC and it has to be converted into an efficient energy that will be used at home for several purposes. The solar panels are controlled by DC-DC converts mostly applicable for commercial use where the load has several specified functions such as phone charging and lighting (Daniel Ammasai, 2004). It is worth noting that solar panels are necessary and recently their prices have increased due to the limited availability of the silicon. The portable solar panels are efficient for the travelers and small-scale users who do not have many load appliances. On the other hand, large solar panels cannot be utilized without incorporating batteries. The power supply from the solar panel is immense therefore integration of a charger is necessary. This serves a great purpose in that the battery cells are not destroyed by the pressure of the power that might have been coming directly from the solar panel. AS the power from the solar panel reduces, the effectiveness of the inverter is reduced as well, and this might contribute to the collapsing of the whole system. Relevance of the study There is no doubt that solar power is the leading efficient energy source in the world. The engineers and other experts have invested their skills to develop strategies in which electricity can be produced. One of the primary sector under which such investment has been undertaken is the utilization of dams to fix them with turbines to yield power. Because the population is increasing, there have been propositions to enhance energy rationing (Xu, Ruan, Mao, Zhang Luo, 2013). Additionally, many nations have taxed the residents heavily to cater for electrification program, a move that has led to political and economic instability. Moreover, research indicates that dry spells dominate the last two decades we have recently experienced implying that the productivity of dams regarding electricity has reduced significantly. Therefore, the solar power becomes a major point of discussion because, with inverters in place, the system can prove to be better than hydropower. In connection to that , if much of the attention can be put on the efficiency of the inverter to utilize the solar energy for higher voltage the interested people can have something to smile. To assess the relationship between inverters and the solar power. To determine the potential of the inverters in regards to power generation To establish the gap for system improvement Benefits of the study The benefits emanating from this research are endless. Firstly the study will give room for the inverters producing industries to evaluate and incorporate the suggested steps to improve the potential of the inverters. The research department will also benefit in that the future trend concerning solar power and harnessing of energy using inverters will be enhanced(Zhou, Yang Fang, 2008). Also, the business people will greatly benefit from the research because their enterprises will expand as a result of improved inverters that are capable of generating high-level AC voltage. Solar power is very useful in our lives today. Long ago people used to complain that the solar panels would not be accessible to their high market prices. Currently, almost everyone can have easy access to a solar panel simply because they have been cheaply produced and supplied all over the world to meet the ever rising demand (Liu, Wang Loh, 2011). However, the due to the increased demand for solar power in our homes and businesses, inverters have been installed to ensure power from solar batteries is harnessed to yield more power for the ongoing activities. The inverters are also believed to sustain the power supply even after solar energy is reduced (Gurkaynak Khaligh, 2009). Despite the fact that inverters are bound to solve the cases of low voltage as a result of inefficient solar power from the sun plate, the problem of low power supply remains to be real. Ideally, the results obtained in the end will be critical to dictate the soundness of the system to ensure maximum utili zation of solar energy. The literature review focuses on the level of technology regarding the solar energy production units utilized in the residential areas as well as evaluation of the available inverter designs in the market. Similarly, the power quality will be evaluated to provide a print to the subject. According to Borowy and Salameh (1996), the potential to make use of the environmentally friendly sources of energy is the primary concern to the engineers who are willingly doing research for the well-being of the current and future generation. Solar energy has gained much attention from the researchers as well as the engineers to curb the rising demand for power and provide green energy. To critically understand the benefits behind improvisation of solar energy system, Nema and Rangnekar (2009) saw the need to appreciate the Dutch government for implementing the solar related distributed generation forum for the well-being of the residents. The program measured the maximum utilized power where the distributed generation and the photovoltaic rating added up to 36MW.Also, the nation of Sydney and its contribution to the solar power generation program athletes village cannot be taken for granted. In this case, the program comprises of 665 residents who are supplied with the 1kW photov oltaic power system. Nayar, Lawrance, and Phillips (1989) posit that to enhance the productivity of the program, the residential photovoltaic system is fixed with the inverter which is capable of generating efficient energy (about 415volts) to the people. One benefit of the distribution generations is that it is capable of assessing the failures of the system which makes power flow efficient. The solar system is a combination of multifaceted fabrications designed in such as manner to convert light into electricity energy to meet the daily demand. It is made of crucial building blocks such as photovoltaic cells and the inverter for efficient production and transfer of energy. Kalantar (2010) illustrates that the PV is responsible for converting the light energy into direct current (DC) which is then transferred to the battery via the charger for storage. The inverter now converts the Direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC), a necessary procedure for additional generation of power. The literature also provides information concerning the available solar panel technology and the inverter designs in the market. The production of solar panel can be traced back fifty years ago, and there have been improvements on them to the panels we have now. The production of the first solar panel took place in the 1950s at the Bell laboratories which produced few watts thus proving i t inefficient. Recent research done by Kalogirou (2001) indicates that in the 1980s the PV cells were improved, and the system could produce up to 100 watts. The output of the solar panel is substantially influenced by the temperature and the illumination of the PV cells. This means that if the meteorological conditions change, the output power also reduces. To ensure the requirements of the system are revised there grows to need to introduce maximum power point tracking (MPPT). The MPPT detects the power demand of the load as well as the inverter. Due to the comprehension of the output PVs output module, it is important to involve the DC-DC converter to monitor the direct current to the inverter. Mostly it plays a crucial role to boost the Maximum power point tracking voltage. The type of the system depends on the size of the solar panel, a cost of the system and the power requirement. Past research by Yilmaz and Krein (2013) postulate that the research undertaken by the European experts reveal that current ranging from 1-3kW was availed to the residents for use implying that the inverter was capable of producing an average rating of 2kW, a very suitable potential for the inverter. Because the inverters are responsible for switching mechanism, they are regarded as the primary contributors to voltage distortions. There has been a challenge of incorporating inverters because not all of them have the controllable switching schemes such as pulse width modulatio n (PWM) square wave inverters. According to Fakham, Lu and Francois (2011), there is no particular inverter design for residential PVIS. Therefore, to possibly understand the inverters and their potentiality, it is advisable to undertake the in-depth analysis of PVIS. By doing so, it is possible to determine DC provision and power generation perspectives. The research aims to bridge the gap existing as a result of the inclusion of inverters that are ineffective and dependent on the solar power although batteries are in place. The athlete's program of Sydney clearly illustrates how helpful the photovoltaic system was to support about six hundred and sixty-five residents (Bhandari et al., 2014). The most interesting part of it is that the inverters used converted 1kW into 3kW, favorable amount of power to support the people and their daily activities. Because the literature did not mention any influence emanating from the solar battery design, our full attention will, therefore, be directed to the solar panel and the inverters only. However, as the explanation of the concept of inverters and the solar panel is brought to light, things appear more confusing than before. This is because inverters are claimed to be the key contributors to the distortions arising from the system. Therefore, this research aims at determining the relationship s and effectiveness of solar panels and the inverters. What is the relationship between solar powers and inverters? What is the capability of the inverters in regards to energy production? What is the current gap for the system improvement? Scope of the Project The study will be covering the solar power system and the inverters capabilities to produce the expected powers of loads. This is because of unlimited resources and time-saving nature of the project. Also, the concepts behind power generation using the solar energy are entirely understandable among many people. Therefore, the focus on inverters and solar plate and cells is minimal but significant. The major issues under selection are the evaluation of hybrid inverters and solar battery charging, existing gaps for improvement and the relationship between inverters and the solar power. The study will adopt the experimental research design. Because the study seeks to establish the kind of relationship between the inverter and the photovoltaic cells, experimental research design will substantially be utilized. The research will take place under three meteorological conditions to establish the relationships existing for the subject. The participants will be grouped into three sections whereby they will be assigned different materials for the experiment. All the three groups will be provided with the specifications of the following tool: Relay, Setup Transformer, Load, 12V Solar Panel, 12V Battery, Charger, Resistors, DC Inverter, and Capacitors. Basing our research on the topic, there will be variations in the provision of solar panel and the inverters for the second and the third group. The first group will arrange and connect the tools properly and allow it to serve as the control experiment with the commonly used solar cell polysilicon and inverter in place. The se cond group will be issued with the same tools but with string inverter and Crystalline SiliconPanel while the third group will arrange for the micro inverter and Monocrystalline Silicon solar panel. Observation method of data collection will be used. The data will be recorded and the results analyzed. The data will be analyzed using statistical package for social science (SPSS). Proposed timeline Task Length 1. Meeting and discussing with the supervisor about the project 3days 2. Assessing the availability of required tools 1 week 3. Sourcing the participants 3days 4. Conducting the experiment 3days 5. Data collection and analysis 1week 6. Results and discussion 3days Eight capabilities Communication will be enhanced when defending the credibility of the project. In this case, communication forms the basis on which the student thrives and copes with various elements in the world. If the student is capable of displaying the potential of self-expression, there is a high possibility for articulating various issues to the involved parties. Because the project is school-based, the involvement of supervisor will greatly help in achieving communication skills while monitoring the activities of the participants. Working in a collaborative manner will be obtained by not only following the participating groups but also take personal initiative in the experiment and sharing the ideas with other members. Self-employment is a very significant stride to success since it will assess the worthiness of the project. If project results are declared active, it is possible to engage in self-employment through problem-solving skills. Problem-management will again be gauged with the success of all the approaches employed in conducting the research. Managing projects capability is the result of a project itself whose fruits will be the key determiner. Innovation and entrepreneurship will be exercised as a means to bridge the gaps existing after conducting research on problems facing the society. Critical thinking will be achieved by the ability to give positive recommendations for the project. Reflection on practice is the pathway to solving various problems in the engineering arena. Reflecting on this proj ect will be a source of motivation for future discovery. There are no specific ethical issues related to the project. The ethics of global warming is already solved. This is because solar energy does not in any way interfere with the wellbeing of the environment. Furthermore, solar power is a renewable sources of energy hence no cases of depletion of resources (Ma, Yang Lu, 2014). The solar power can provide service for at least twenty years if well maintained. In short, the project is healthy and should be accorded much attention for better results. Solar power is a sustainable source of energy because it is renewable. Currently, most households and businesses prefer solar energy due to the unpredictability of hydropower. Overall, solar power proves to be economic more than any other source of energy. Advantages and Disvantages of Solar Panel It is environmentally friendly as no pollution of any kind is experienced because the system is silent. Solar panels are more efficient because of their little maintenance costs which are attributed to the fact that they lack moving parts (Liu et al., 2011). It does not require turbines to produce energy thus making it cheap and easily accessible. It is the only source of energy in remote areas. Initial costs of installing solar panel are high. The efficiency of some solar panel is determined by the size of land hence proving impossible for the landless. Air pollution and rainfall are known to affect the working of the solar panel (Kim et al., 2008). Furthermore, the solar panel can only generate power only during the day making it less reliable. References Ashari, M., Nayar, C. V. (1999). An optimum dispatch strategy using set points for a photovoltaic (PV)dieselbattery hybrid power system.Solar Energy,66(1), 1-9. Bhandari, B., Lee, K. T., Lee, C. S., Song, C. K., Maskey, R. K., Ahn, S. H. (2014). A novel off-grid hybrid power system comprised of solar photovoltaic, wind, and hydro energy sources.Applied Energy,133, 236-242. Borowy, B. S., Salameh, Z. M. (1996). Methodology for optimally sizing the combination of a battery bank and PV array in a wind/PV hybrid system.IEEE Transactions on energy conversion,11(2), 367-375. Dali, M., Belhadj, J., Roboam, X. (2010). Hybrid solarwind system with battery storage operating in grid-connected and standalone mode: control and energy managementexperimental investigation.Energy,35(6), 2587-2595. Daniel, S. A., AmmasaiGounden, N. (2004). A novel hybrid isolated generating system based on PV fed inverter-assisted wind-driven induction generators.IEEE Transactions on energy conversion,19(2), 416-422. Fakham, H., Lu, D., Francois, B. (2011). Power control design of a battery charger in a hybrid active PV generator for load-following applications.IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,58(1), 85-94. Gurkaynak, Y., Khaligh, A. (2009, February). Control and power management of a grid connected residential photovoltaic system with plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) load. InApplied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition, 2009. APEC 2009. Twenty-Fourth Annual IEEE(pp. 2086-2091). IEEE. Hirose, T., Matsuo, H. (2012). Standalone hybrid wind-solar power generation system applying dump power control without dump load.IEEE transactions on industrial electronics,59(2), 988-997. Kalantar, M. (2010). Dynamic behavior of a stand-alone hybrid power generation system of wind turbine, microturbine, solar array and battery storage.Applied energy,87(10), 3051-3064. Kalogirou, S. A. (2001). Use of TRNSYS for modelling and simulation of a hybrid pvthermal solar system for Cyprus.Renewable energy,23(2), 247-260. Kim, S. K., Jeon, J. H., Cho, C. H., Ahn, J. B., Kwon, S. H. (2008). Dynamic modeling and control of a grid-connected hybrid generation system with versatile power transfer.IEEE transactions on industrial electronics,55(4), 1677-1688. Liu, X., Wang, P., Loh, P. C. (2011). A hybrid AC/DC microgrid and its coordination control.IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2(2), 278-286. Ma, T., Yang, H., Lu, L. (2014). A feasibility study of a stand-alone hybrid solarwindbattery system for a remote island.Applied Energy,121, 149-158. Nayar, C. V., Lawrance, W. B., Phillips, S. J. (1989, August). Solar/wind/diesel hybrid energy systems for remote areas. InEnergy Conversion Engineering Conference, 1989. IECEC-89., Proceedings of the 24th Intersociety(pp. 2029-2034). IEEE. Nayar, C. V., Phillips, S. J., James, W. L., Pryor, T. L., Remmer, D. (1993). Novel wind/diesel/battery hybrid energy system.Solar energy,51(1), 65-78. Nema, P., Nema, R. K., Rangnekar, S. (2009). A current and future state of art development of hybrid energy system using wind and PV-solar: A review.Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,13(8), 2096-2103. Xu, L., Ruan, X., Mao, C., Zhang, B., Luo, Y. (2013). An improved optimal sizing method for wind-solar-battery hybrid power system.IEEE transactions on Sustainable Energy,4(3), 774-785. Yang, H., Lu, L., Zhou, W. (2007). A novel optimization sizing model for hybrid solar-wind power generation system.Solar energy,81(1), 76-84. Yang, H., Zhou, W., Lu, L., Fang, Z. (2008). Optimal sizing method for stand-alone hybrid solarwind system with LPSP technology by using genetic algorithm.Solar energy,82(4), 354-367. Yilmaz, M., Krein, P. T. (2013). Review of battery charger topologies, charging power levels, and infrastructure for plug-in electric and hybrid vehicles.IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,28(5), 2151-2169. Zhou, W., Yang, H., Fang, Z. (2008). Battery behavior prediction and battery working states analysis of a hybrid solarwind power generation system.Renewable Energy,33(6), 1413-1423. Zhou, X., Wang, G., Lukic, S., Bhattacharya, S., Huang, A. (2009, September). Multi-function bi-directional battery charger for plug-in hybrid electric vehicle application. InEnergy Conversion Congress and Exposition, 2009. ECCE 2009. IEEE(pp. 3930-3936). IEEE.

The Yellow Wallpaper Essays (970 words) - Mental Illness In Fiction

The Yellow Wallpaper The Yellow Wallpaper is a short story written by Charlotte Perkins Gilman. This story has a gothic presence that shows how a woman?s oppression, by her husband, drives her soul away, leaving her insane and in a world of delusion. The narrator of this story is a new mother, most likely suffering from post-partum depression; of course this was unheard of during the time era of this story. Her husband, John, is a physician who believes she is afflicted by nothing more than a self induced nervous condition. In hopes of her recovery he takes her to a country home where she is isolated and can rest and be quiet. At first, he comes across as a caring husband but soon it?s evident that his caring attitude is more of a condescending one. He patronizes and shrugs off every request or expression she makes, leaving her like a mindless robot. She spends most of her time isolated in a bedroom that she loathes because of the ugly yellow wallpaper that covers the walls and the bars on the windows. Alone in an unhealthy environment, her voice being unheard, along with the childish treatment from her husband and suffering from a mental illness all play a part in her breakdown and loss of reality. The narrator is passionate about writing but John clearly states to his wife that she is not to be writing, for it will only impede her recovery. However, the narrator tries to continue writing in secrecy resulting in feelings of great exasperation. Removing her passion of writing is more of a punishment than of a caring protection for her rehabilitation and sure to be an ingredient for her psychotic behavior. Her isolation and loneliness are evident when she says, ?It is so discouraging to not have any advice or companionship about my work?. Moreover, the limitations that John has placed upon his wife, such as allowing her no freedom to express her thoughts verbally or on paper and no human interaction are causing the narrator a great deal of anguish. These are large contributing forces in her definitive mental instability that are plummeting her to madness. Although the woman's insanity is being profoundly affected by John's confinement and restrictions, the surroundings he has placed in her only add to the woman further spiraling into insanity. The room that her husband has chosen for her to reside in has foul yellow wallpaper on the walls that the woman dreads. Being locked in the room day in and day out, with nothing to entertain her, the woman begins to use the ambiguous designs on the wallpaper and shadows cast from the moonlight to see another world. The wallpaper becomes a sort of panacea, during the day it is her solace and at night it becomes a dark insidious world but one that interacts with her. Her delusional mind begins to see a woman, then more women and eventually her sanity drifts to a place where she sees herself in the wallpaper. Additionally, the windows in the room are barred up, giving the illusion of an asylum. This makes the woman feel as if she or the mysterious woman within the wallpaper is imprisoned. When eve ning falls the shadows that are cast about the room give the presence of movement and of strange objects, in her eyes. She begins to identify with this unreal world because it interacts with her, unlike her husband, John. All human beings need interaction of some sort to identify with and as a means to communicate. The woman lacks this because of the controlled grip her husband has on her. The wallpaper becomes her escape from the reformatory she is trapped in. As the wallpaper is slowly being peeled away so is her connection and submission to John. She is feeling comfortable and in touch with her surroundings and less with John and world outside of the bedroom. The term ?creep? is used throughout the story for different contexts such as when she is describing the smell of the wallpaper and says, ?It creeps all over the house?. Additionally, when she describes her movement at night she states, ?John was asleep and I hated to

Concept essays

Concept essays Explaining a Concept: Concept of the Invisible Hand in a Laissez-faire economy By preferring the support of domestic to that of foreign industry, he intends only his own security; and by directing that industry in such a manner as its produce may be of the greatest value, he intends only his own gain, and he is in this, as in many other cases, led by an invisible hand to promote an end which was no part of it. Adam Smith, Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations 1776. What business does a government have in commerce and trade? Why would a government want to interfere between two countries benefiting from each other by trade? What right does the government have in two individuals wanting each others products or services? According to some, commerce and trade should be permitted to operate free of controls of any kind; there should be no tariffs or other barriers. This is where the term laissez-faire is introduced. Its direct translation in French, leave alone to do, is self-explanatory. A strong believer in this type of economics is Adam Smith, both a philosopher and an economist. Born on 1723 in Kirkcaldy, Fife, he studied at Oxford, and became a professor of logic at Glasgow (1751), but took up the chair of moral philosophy the following year. In 1776, he moved to London, where he published An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations (1776), the first major work of political economy. This examined in detail the consequences of economic freedom, such as division of labor, the function of markets, and the international implications of a laissez-faire economy. Adam Smith is most remembered today for his explanation of our market system. A majority of people saw confusion when they observed economic activity in England during the middle of the 18th century. They saw everyone doing whatever they pleased and deemed necessary. Busine ...

Anti-Islam Discourse of Medieval Europe Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Anti-Islam Discourse of Medieval Europe - Essay Example Anti-Islam Discourse of Medieval Europe This anti-Islam discourse had begun and has been propagated for centuries as the West has continued to link terrorism to Islam, launching a series of attacks in their backyards in their supposed attempts to avert and defeat terror. This rhetoric has grown stronger in recent years as most of the highly profiled enemies of peace and the war on terror have been defined as Muslims. All these have led to a generalized fear of Islam and Muslims, a situation that has been described by several intellectuals and activists as Islamophobia. This has been evidenced by acts such as vandalism of their places of worship, increasing hate crimes against people thought to be Muslim, and sensational coverage by the press of the threats posed by the Muslim community. Some of the selective policing and surveillance that is focused on the Muslim communities and a widespread assumption is that Islam is antithetical to values democratic have also been influenced. This common fear has led to even further for mulation of government policies that have posed a threat to the civil liberties of the Muslims living in such western countries. As a result, there has been hostile, and a suspicious relation experienced between these two worlds. This radicalization and Orientalism by the Western nations begun when these nations, regarding themselves as superior, felt the need to conquer and civilize the societies they regarded as uncivilized and exotic in their practices.

Pathophysiology of Sickel Cell disease Research Paper

Pathophysiology of Sickel Cell disease - Research Paper Example It results from homozygosity for a mutation in the beta globin gene and is transmitted by autosomal recessive inheritance (Passarge, 2007). A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) occurs in the beta globin chain, which results in the substitution of the amino acid residue glutamine at position 6 for valine. An individual may have one such abnormal gene and another normal gene and is said to be heterozygous. When a couple that is heterozygous for HbS give birth to children, there is a likelihood of one or more of the children inheriting these HbS genes from each of the parents. When this happens, the child has both HbS genes and is said to be homozygous for HbS. This is when a child suffers from sickle cell disease. This disorder has potentially serious complications and early medication (prior to the development of symptoms) can advance morbidity and mortality. It affects hemoglobin, a protein that is part of red blood cells, which is responsible for oxygen transport. It is characterized by the presence of sickle cells in the bloodstream, which is also known as erythrocyte sickling. This causes difficulties in circulating red blood cells as the blood vessels get clogged and cause symptoms such as pain in the extremities (Gordon, 2000). This disorder develops within the first 2 years, and the symptoms can be traced back to two main phenomena which are hemolysis and clots. Hemolysis causes chronic anemia, jaundice, lack of growth and sexual maturation. The vascular occlusions cause crisis musculoskeletal pain, increase susceptibility to bacterial infections (S. pneumonia, K. pneumonia, Homophiles influenza, etc.), cerebral infarction, and renal impairment. As a consequence of the mutation, when the hemoglobin is deoxygenated, it spontaneously undergoes polymerization to form a crystalline gel. Each polymer is composed of longitudinal beams 14 of deoxy-Hb which are arranged to form a tactoid body, insoluble and rigid

Consider the impact of the Vietnam War on American culture Essay

Consider the impact of the Vietnam War on American culture - Essay Example B. During this period TV was an important medium for information; news reports of the war telecasted the gory details which reinforced the feeling of redundancy of the war among the Americans, resulting in antiwar protests and demonstrations. III. Effects of advancement A. Cambodian invasion in 1970 resulted in antiwar demonstrations in college campuses all over American. In a few days time, deaths of students occurred in large number. B. The redundancy of the war added with thousands of American soldiers getting killed in war fueled the antiwar sentiments among the young Americans. Large number of young Americans left the war to burn their draft cards. This became a national sensation due to wide coverage by the television. IV. Evolution of the advancement A. In Vietnam, the increasing intensity of the war created psychological problems among the American troops which resulted in drug consumption among them. The hippie culture was reflected back home in American among the youth when they protesting against the war by blocking roads and government buildings for days, singing songs and consuming drugs. B. Music industry developed vastly during the Vietnam era with hundreds of songs getting recorded in single years. Music like rock ‘n’ roll albums that were conceived during that era are popular even after several decades have passed. V. Conclusion A. The hippie culture among the youth created antiheroes in the society who influenced the culture for a generation. B. Popular music of different genres during that era established both the antiwar views and the prowar statements. Music was adopted by the young antiwar protestors as a way of voicing their views. Introduction and Thesis Statement The Vietnam War was a long running combat between the nationalist forces and the United States with the alliance of South Vietnam. The war was more a strategic movement by America to curb communism, and the nation’s involvement was in all terms unofficial st atus. The American troops dispatched under the official purpose of military training to the South Vietnamese troops. The war had a huge impact on the music and culture of America. Events that Led to the Advancement The war, which apparently seemed redundant to the general Americans, had a great impact on them. It has divided the American people like no other war has done. The atrocities of the war were telecasted on the TV, the unspeakable violence induced people to distance themselves from the war. The costs incurred during the war affected the nation’s economy for decades after the war ended. During the mid twentieth century America got involved in the Vietnam as it felt threatened by the growing influence of communism. However, the young generation of that period did not see any concrete reason to feel threatened, and as such, the Vietnam War did not seem a necessity. Moreover, atrocities and millions of American soldiers getting killed and maimed were telecasted in TV whi ch was viewed in every American home. The war was often characterized as the living-room war or the television war. During the course of the war, the events in the battlefield were telecasted in a systematic manner. It was an era when televisions were rapidly becoming a forceful medium of news for the Americans. According to a survey in 1964, the American people had equal trust on newspapers and televisions for information. By 1972, another survey

The Three Major Enterprise Applications

The Three Major Enterprise Applications Enterprise systems, customer relationship management, and supply chain management are three enterprise applications. Enterprise systems are based on a suite of integrated software modules and a common central database. Enterprise systems utilize enterprise software to support financial and accounting, human resources, manufacturing and production, and sales and marketing processes. Enterprise systems provide many benefits including an enterprise-enabled organization, improved management reporting and decision making, a unified information systems technology platform, and more efficient operations and customer-driven business processes. Supply chain management systems help an organization better manage its supply chain, including planning, sourcing, making, delivering, and returning items. Supply chain management software can be categorized as a supply chain planning system or as a supply chain execution system. A supply chain planning system enables a firm to generate demand forecasts for a product and to develop sourcing and manufacturing plans for that product. A supply chain execution system manages the flow of products through distribution centers and warehouses to ensure that products are delivered to the right locations in the most efficient manner. Supply chain management benefits include improved customer service and responsiveness, cost reduction, and cash utilization. Customer relationship management systems help firms maximize the benefits of their customer assets. These systems capture and consolidate data from all over the organization and then distribute the results to various systems and customer touch points across the enterprise. Customer relationship management systems can be classified as operational or as analytical. Operational CRM refers to customer-facing applications, such as sales force automation, call center and customer service support, and marketing automation. Analytical CRM refers to customer relationship management applications dealing with the analysis of customer data to provide information for improving business performance. Benefits include increased customer satisfaction, reduced direct marketing costs, more effective marketing, and lower costs for customer acquisition and retention. Exercise 2 (2 points): What are the benefits of enterprise systems? What are the challenges of enterprise systems? Benefits include creating an enterprise-enabled organization, providing firmware knowledge-based management processes, providing a unified information system technology platform and environment, and enabling more efficient operations and customer-driven business processes. Challenges include a daunting implementation process, surviving a cost-benefit analysis, inflexibility, and realizing strategic value. Exercise 3 (2 points): Search, list and describe five open source ERP Software Systems. Apache OFBix/opentaps: The Apache Open for Business Project is an open source enterprise automation software project licensed under the Apache License Version 2.0. By open source enterprise automation we mean: Open Source ERP, Open Source CRM, Open Source E-Business / E-Commerce, Open Source SCM, Open Source MRP, Open Source CMMS/EAM, and so on. Apache OFBiz is a foundation and starting point for reliable, secure and scalable enterprise solutions. Use it out-of-the-box (OOTB) or customize to suit even your most challenging business needs. With OFBiz in place, you can get started right away and then grow your operations as your business grows, without the huge deployment and maintenance costs of traditional enterprise automation systems. Apache OFBiz offers a great deal of functionality, including: Advanced e-commerce Catalog management Promotion pricing management Order management (sales purchase) Customer management (part of general party management) Warehouse management Fulfillment (auto stock moves, batched pick, pack ship) Accounting (invoice, payment billing accounts, fixed assets) Manufacturing management General work effort management (events, tasks, projects, requests, etc) Content management (for product content, websites, general content, blogging, forum, etc) A maturing Point Of Sales (POS) module using XUI as rich client interface And much more all in an open source package Compiere : Compiere (pronounced KOM-pyeh-reh, to accomplish, complete, fulfill in Italian) is an open source ERP and CRM business solution for the Small and Medium-sized Enterprise (SME) in distribution, retail, service and manufacturing. Compiere is distributed by Compiere, Inc. and through the Compiere Partner Network, a collection of trained and authorized business partners. Compiere was founded in 1999 by Jorg Janke and was a top 10 project in Sourceforge from 2002 for 4 years reaching one million downloads and 100 partners in 2006. The application and source code is provided on the basis of the GNU General Public License version 2; this comprises the Community Edition. Also available for a fee is a Professional Edition with more features, a commercial license, and documentation and support contracts. Compiere encompasses ERP functionality, but in order to avoid the duplication of information and the need for synchronization, its organized in a different way. Compiere modules are: Quote to Cash, Requisition-to-Pay, Customer relationship management, Partner Relations Management, Supply Chain Management, Performance Analysis, Warehouse, Double-entry Book-keeping, Work-flow-Management and Web Store. A manufacturing module is being developed within an independent project CMPCS ERP5 : ERP5 has been recognized, since the beginning as an innovative and outstanding ERP solution. Hence, the first deployment of ERP5 for Coramy, a European leader in the apparel industry, was awarded best ERP implementation project in the special edition of DÃ ©cision Informatique in June 2004. ERP5 is an Enterprise Resource Planning Solution published as Open Source which means transparency, flexibility and evolutivity for customers. It also means no risks of forced upgrades, guaranteed lifetime maintainability and of course no license fee and no requirement to stay with the same vendor or Service Company forever ERP5 covers accounting, customer relationship management, trade, warehouse management, shipping, invoicing, human resource management, product design, production and project management. All ERP5 business processes are implemented based on Zope transactional Workflows. Workflows directly describe the business process of the customer. ERP5 workflows can be customized through the Web and extended to fit each customer specific needs. All resources in ERP5 can be variated in any number of dimensions, providing built-in configuration for products and reduced design cost for bill of materials (BOM) and bill of operations (BOO) as well as structured rule-based approaches to complex pricing. ERP5 CRM provides an extensible solution to track customers, their career history, their relation to organizations and all related events. It includes a flexible workflow based ticket management system to support sales opportunities, support requests and non conformance reports. It can act as a consolidation solution for all contact information in an organization with full multidimensional classification and built-in LDAP interfacing. Open MFG : OpenMFG (usually abbreviated OMFG) is an open source based, fully-integrated accounting, ERP, and CRM enterprise software solution, from xTuple. Built with the open source PostgreSQL database, and the open source Qt framework from Trolltech for C++, it provides functionality for a range of businesses and industries. It includes the following modules: Accounting (multi-company, general ledger, accounts receivable and payable, bank reconciliation, financial reporting) Sales (quotes, order entry, sales reporting, shipping) CRM (universal address book, incident management, opportunity management, to-do lists, project management) Purchasing (purchase orders, receiving, vendor reporting) Product Definition (items, infinite-level bills of material, bills of operations, breeder bills of material, costing) Inventory (multiple facility, multiple locations, other advanced warehouse features) Manufacturing (work orders, support for make-to-order, make-to-stock, repetitive) Planning (Manufacturing Requirements Planning-MRP, Master Production Scheduling-MPS, Buffer Management-TOC) OpenRPT open source report writer OpenMFG runs on Windows, Linux, and Mac and is internationalized (multi-currency, support for multiple tax structures, and multilingual translation packs maintained by a global community). OpenMFG is licensed under the xTuple Commercial End User License. OpenMFG is a manufacturing-centric enterprise resource planning solution which includes functionality to cover business processes for multiple manufacturing segments, customer relationship management, and accounting. The company utilizes open source technologies, and an open source development philosophy to offer its customers a hybrid open source/proprietary solution. The OpenMFG Community (customers, VARs, development partners), all get the source code and have the ability to contribute back to the base application Open Pro : OpenPro offers business software solutions for every company looking for more value and more features from their ERP solutions. Since 1998 we have been delivering Web-based ERP software solutions to small and mid-sized companies, and international enterprises. OpenPro supports most industries with a complete ERP software solution. As a provider of manufacturing ERP software, OpenPro excels in providing a full suite of applications within six modules: distribution, financials, manufacturing, customer relation management, e-commerce and systems. With its modular design, customers can select the software capabilities that meet their needs, confident in the ability to expand in the future within the ERP software suite. The enterprise distribution software module provides features including sales order processing, warehouse management, inventory control, and purchasing, plus other features; The financial module includes General Ledger, job cost, AP and AR, check reconciliation, fixed assets, payroll HRS, and budgets; The manufacturing module includes MRP II, capacity requirement planning g, bill of materials, product routing, master production scheduling, shop floor control and bar coding; The Customer relationship management module provides CRM capabilities to support sales; The e-commerce module supports customer-to-business transactions, business-to-business transactions, and credit card processing. The system module provides a wide variety of capabilities to make the system as user-friendly and useful as possible, including workflow management; document imaging; communications; information management system; CMM; knowledge base; and report writer, with a multi-language and multi-currency capability. Exercise 4 (2 points): Describe the balanced scorecard model and its role in ESS? In 1992, Dr. Robert Kaplan and Dr. David Norton developed the Balanced Scorecard as a financial and non-financial performance measurement technique that combines several factors to give management a balanced view of their company. The Balanced Scorecard Institute defines a balanced scorecard as, a strategic planning and management system that is used extensively in business and industry, government, and nonprofit organizations worldwide to align business activities to the vision and strategy of the organization, improve internal and external communications, and monitor organization performance against strategic goals. Why balanced scorecard become necessary with many organisations? According to Kaplan and Norton, companies are using the balanced scorecard to drive strategy execution, clarify and identify strategic initiatives, and conduct strategy performance reviews to better understand their company. The decision to use a balanced scorecard should not be made lightly, and the addition of the balanced scorecard to a company is not just a one-time process, it is an evolution and continuous monitoring of company performance and should be considered a long-term investment. In particular, the Balanced Scorecard Institute includes a nine step process that has been developed for building and implementing a balanced scorecard. They are: Assessment Strategy Objectives Strategy Map Performance Measures Initiatives Automation Cascade Evaluation Nowadays, use of technology through automation is becoming a necessity for companys who want an effective scorecard process implemented. In step seven, automation, performance measurement software is applied so that managers and knowledge workers get the information they need when they need it. The addition of automation to the balance scorecard implementation assists in transferring information into knowledge and pushes the information through the system. It helps make better decisions more quickly. Meanwhile, executive support systems (ESS) can be built into many different specific software systems. The balanced scorecard is a specific ESS software program built to help organizations thrive in the economy. The balanced scorecard is an analysis tool to predict outcomes using current raw data. The balanced scorecard is a financial picture of the organization that can be analyzed and used to enhance the future. The balances scorecard also enables organizations to translate a companys vision and strategy into implementation working from perspectives: Financial perspective Customer perspective Business process perspective Learning and growth perspective A balanced scorecard is a framework that not only provides performance measurements, but also helps business planners identify what should be done and what should be measured. It also provides a clear vision as to what a business should measure in order to balance the organizations financial perspective. The balanced scorecard is an executive support management system that enables organizations to clarify their business or organizational visions and strategies and then translate them into an action plan. In addition, the balanced scorecard is known as a specific executive support system that is used to enable an organization to better manage its parts to make a more congruent and successful whole. Balanced scorecards use existing data assess performance, to predicts future trends and supplement future business decisions, much like ES Systems. The inventors of the balanced scorecard Kaplan Norton use this balanced scorecard system model to guide and evaluate businesses through the information age; Exercise 5 (2 point): What is a digital certificate? How does it work? A digital certificate is an electronic credit card that establishes your credentials when doing business or other transactions on the Web. It is issued by a certification authority( CA ). It contains your name, a serial number, expiration dates, a copy of the certificate holders public key (used for encrypting messages and digital signature s), and the digital signature of the certificate-issuing authority so that a recipient can verify that the certificate is real. Some digital certificates conform to a standard, X.509. Digital certificates can be kept in registries so that authenticating users can look up other users public keys. One widely-used tool for privacy protection is what cryptographers call symmetric or secret key encryption, called that way because one encryption key is used to both encrypt and to decrypt information. This key should obviously be kept secret from anyone not authorised to decrypt the information. Your log-on password, your cash card PIN, and the information you type in to enter your online bank accounts are all examples of secret keys. You share these secret keys only with the parties you want to communicate with, such as the bank or credit card company. Your private information is then encrypted with this secret key, and it can only be decrypted by one of the parties holding that same key. Despite its widespread use, this secret-key system has some serious limitations. As network communications proliferate, it becomes very cumbersome for users to create and remember different passwords for each situation. Moreover, the sharing of a secret key involves inherent risks. When you give your mothers maiden name over the telephone, how do you know you can trust the party on the other end of the line? Can you be sure it is really the credit card company you are talking to? Can you be sure nobody is maliciously listening in? If you give somebody your mothers maiden name and that person abuses it for their own gain, how can you prove you did not authorise their use? Digital Certificate technology addresses these issues because it does not rely on the sharing of secret keys. Rather than using the same key to both encrypt and decrypt data, a Digital Certificate uses a matched pair of keys which complement one another. In other words, what is done by one key can only be undone by the other key in the pair. In this type of key-pair system, a user holds onto a private key and never gives it to anyone, while widely disseminating a public key. Any information locked with the public key can only be unlocked by the corresponding private key, and vice versa. Since the public key alone does not provide access to communications, users do not need to worry about who gets hold of this key. For example, for the purposes of securing e-mail, key pairs can work in the following two ways. You can digitally sign your e-mail by enclosing an electronic stamp constructed by using your private key. When your recipient gets your message, their computer checks this stamp to see if it can be decrypted using your public key. If successful, the recipient knows that the message can only have come from the holder of the private key. Someone who wants to send you private e-mail can use your public key to encrypt the message. When you get the e-mail, your computer checks to see if the public key used to encrypt the e-mail is a valid match with your private key. If the match is successful, the message gets decrypted and you can read it. Anyone who receives your e-mail but does not hold your private key will be unable to decrypt and read the message. A Digital Certificate makes it possible to verify someones claim that they are the rightful owner of a given key, helping to prevent people from using counterfeit or stolen keys to impersonate other users. Used in conjunction with encryption, Digital Certificates provide a more complete security solution, assuring the identity of all parties involved in a transaction. Because a Digital Certificate uses and supplies us with the tools of cryptographic technology, it provides us with the ability to digitally sign documents or transactions, or to verify the signatures of others. It enables us to make documents or transactions only readable by those that we designate. Because Digital Certificates bind a public key to an individual or organisation, in a trusted manner, we can be sure of the identities behind these operations.

Liberty Cabbage: Culture and Propaganda Essay -- Media Government Pape

Liberty Cabbage: Culture and Propaganda I happened to live in two countries with opposite political regimes – socialism in the USSR and democracy in the USA. I was growing up in the USSR, usually finding myself obedient to the will of the ruling Communist Party, sincerely thinking (as well as many people of my age) that my country has the most humane regime in the whole world. When I got older and the Iron Curtain fell, the unadorned reality confronted me: the Soviet Union was not a peace-loving democratic country but a totalitarian regime with a explicit goal of replicating itself all over the world; in short, a monster in sheep’s clothing. What made me believe back then that my former country had such a perfect regime? A one-word answer is: propaganda. The Soviet government skillfully manipulated cultural values of the Russian people to create an illusion that we live in the country of our dreams. The bravest of us allowed ourselves to have another opinion. They listened to Radio Liberty and dreamed of livi ng in the United States (although nobody expected the Soviet regime to fall). What is it like, we wondered, to live in a country where the government does not feed deliberate lies to its own people distorting cultural traditions and history? I dreamed about living in the United States because it was our guiding light to a real democracy. However, as it seems now, the government of the United States, just like the Communist Party in the USSR, plays on cultural values of its people to make them agree to the agenda of the dominant political and social structures. The majority of American people would argue that they are absolutely independent in their opinions, that the United States is a leading democratic country in th... ...oam. Interview. Redeye Collective. By Chris Spannos. 24 May 2002. Filatov, S. â€Å"Thrown Out on the Street.† Pravda 10 Dec. 1979: 5. Grigoriev, Oleg. A Bird In a Cage. Saint Petersburg: Ivan Limbach, 1997 Hunt, Michael H. Ideology and U.S. Foreign Policy. Yale: Yale UP, 1987. Nunberg, Geoff. †The language wars.† Fresh Air. NPR. WHYY. Philadelphia. 23 Apr. 2003. Operation Iraqi Freedom. The White House. 21 Apr. 2003. Parenti, Michael. â€Å"Methods of Media Manipulation.† The Humanist 57 (1997): 5-7. ISU Expanded Academic ASAP. 22 Apr. 2003. Schabner, Dean. â€Å"Conservative Backlash.† ABCNews.com. 12 March 2003. 22 Apr. 2003. Liberty Cabbage: Culture and Propaganda Essay -- Media Government Pape Liberty Cabbage: Culture and Propaganda I happened to live in two countries with opposite political regimes – socialism in the USSR and democracy in the USA. I was growing up in the USSR, usually finding myself obedient to the will of the ruling Communist Party, sincerely thinking (as well as many people of my age) that my country has the most humane regime in the whole world. When I got older and the Iron Curtain fell, the unadorned reality confronted me: the Soviet Union was not a peace-loving democratic country but a totalitarian regime with a explicit goal of replicating itself all over the world; in short, a monster in sheep’s clothing. What made me believe back then that my former country had such a perfect regime? A one-word answer is: propaganda. The Soviet government skillfully manipulated cultural values of the Russian people to create an illusion that we live in the country of our dreams. The bravest of us allowed ourselves to have another opinion. They listened to Radio Liberty and dreamed of livi ng in the United States (although nobody expected the Soviet regime to fall). What is it like, we wondered, to live in a country where the government does not feed deliberate lies to its own people distorting cultural traditions and history? I dreamed about living in the United States because it was our guiding light to a real democracy. However, as it seems now, the government of the United States, just like the Communist Party in the USSR, plays on cultural values of its people to make them agree to the agenda of the dominant political and social structures. The majority of American people would argue that they are absolutely independent in their opinions, that the United States is a leading democratic country in th... ...oam. Interview. Redeye Collective. By Chris Spannos. 24 May 2002. Filatov, S. â€Å"Thrown Out on the Street.† Pravda 10 Dec. 1979: 5. Grigoriev, Oleg. A Bird In a Cage. Saint Petersburg: Ivan Limbach, 1997 Hunt, Michael H. Ideology and U.S. Foreign Policy. Yale: Yale UP, 1987. Nunberg, Geoff. †The language wars.† Fresh Air. NPR. WHYY. Philadelphia. 23 Apr. 2003. Operation Iraqi Freedom. The White House. 21 Apr. 2003. Parenti, Michael. â€Å"Methods of Media Manipulation.† The Humanist 57 (1997): 5-7. ISU Expanded Academic ASAP. 22 Apr. 2003. Schabner, Dean. â€Å"Conservative Backlash.† ABCNews.com. 12 March 2003. 22 Apr. 2003.